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S 2726Criminal Justice

Criminal Offenses - Weapons - Responsible Firearm Purchasing Act

This bill requires an 8-hour safety course with live-fire training for all gun purchases and removes the automatic 7-day release.

Held for study
Population
Affected
18
Introduced Feb 27, 2026Committee Senate Judiciary

Plain-English Summary

The "Responsible Firearm Purchasing Act" changes the rules for buying guns in Rhode Island. It expands the requirement for a safety training certificate—previously only for handguns—to include rifles and shotguns. The safety course is increased from two hours to eight hours and must now include live-fire training, suicide prevention, and safe storage education. The Office of the Attorney General will take over managing these courses from the Department of Environmental Management. Additionally, the bill changes the background check process, requiring sellers to wait for police approval before handing over a firearm, removing the previous automatic release after seven days.

For younger readers

This new rule changes how adults buy guns. Before, there were strict rules mostly for small handguns, but now these rules apply to long guns like rifles too. To buy any gun, a person must take a class that lasts a whole day (8 hours). In this class, they will learn how to be safe, how to lock up guns so kids can't touch them, and they have to practice shooting at a range. The store is also not allowed to give the person the gun until the police say it is okay, no matter how long it takes.

Who & Where It Applies

Impacted groups
Firearm purchasersFirearm dealersFirearm safety instructorsOffice of the Attorney GeneralPolice Departments
Impacted communities
All

Constitutional & Fiscal Check

High risk

High Risk. The removal of the provision allowing delivery if no disqualification is received after seven days creates the potential for indefinite delays in exercising a constitutional right. Furthermore, the mandatory 8-hour course and live-fire requirement could be challenged under the *Bruen* standard as an objective impediment that infringes on the Second Amendment by making the right to bear arms historically unprecedentedly difficult and costly to exercise.

Estimated cost
Amount unknown
Estimated revenue
None

Bill Analysis

Both viewpoints
For Progressives
  • Mandates a comprehensive curriculum that includes suicide prevention and conflict resolution, addressing gun violence as a public health crisis and potentially reducing self-harm incidents.
  • Closes the "default proceed" loophole by requiring affirmative police approval before a firearm can be transferred, ensuring no weapon is sold simply because a background check took too long.
  • Expands safety training requirements to rifles and shotguns, ensuring that all firearm owners, not just handgun owners, are educated on safe storage and child safety.
  • The live-fire training and 8-hour course requirement may create significant time and financial barriers, disproportionately affecting working-class and poor individuals who cannot afford the time off or course fees.
  • Centralizes more authority in the Office of the Attorney General and police departments, which some may fear could lead to discretionary or biased enforcement against marginalized communities.
  • Access to live-fire ranges is often limited in urban environments, potentially making it difficult for city residents to comply with the requirements compared to rural residents.
For Conservatives
  • Ensures that firearm owners are genuinely proficient in the use of their weapons through mandatory live-fire training, promoting a culture of disciplined and responsible ownership.
  • Grandfathers existing safety certificates until 2031, protecting current certificate holders from immediate bureaucratic hurdles.
  • Establishes a 10-year validity period for instructor certifications, reducing the administrative frequency for those authorized to teach the courses.
  • Eliminates the statutory "safety valve" that allowed firearm delivery after 7 days if no disqualification was found, potentially allowing the government to indefinitely delay rights through inaction.
  • Imposes a substantial burden on Second Amendment rights by mandating an 8-hour course and live-fire training, which functions as a barrier to entry for law-abiding citizens.
  • Grants the Attorney General broad regulatory power to define the test and criteria for instructors, which could be weaponized to make obtaining a certificate excessively difficult.

Votes

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Full Bill Text

Changes to existing Rhode Island law · 90 additions · 153 deletions

SECTION 1. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Responsible Firearm Purchasing Act."

SECTION 2. Section 11-47-35 of the General Laws in Chapter 11-47 entitled "Weapons" is hereby amended to read as follows: 11-47-35. Sale of concealable weapons — Safety courses and tests — Issuance of permits to certain government officers. Sale of firearms - - Safety courses and tests - - Issuance of permits to certain government officers.

(a) As used in this section, “Firearm” means a rifle, shotgun, pistol, or revolver. (a)(b)(1) No person shall deliver a pistol or revolver firearm to a purchaser until seven (7) days shall have elapsed from twelve o’clock (12:00) noon of the day following the day of application for the purchase, and when delivered, the pistol or revolver firearm shall be unloaded and securely wrapped, with the bill of sale to be enclosed within the wrapper with the pistol or revolver firearm. Any citizen of the United States and/or lawful resident of this state who is twenty- one (21) years of age or older, and any nonresident member of the armed forces of the United States who is stationed in this state and who is twenty-one (21) years of age or older, not otherwise prohibited by federal or state law, may, upon application, purchase or acquire a pistol or revolver firearm. At the time of applying for the purchase of a concealable firearm, the purchaser shall: (i) Complete and sign in triplicate and deliver to the person selling the pistol or revolver firearm the application form described in this section, and in no case shall it contain the serial number of the pistol or revolver the application form described in this section, and in no case shall it contain the serial number of the pistol or revolver; and (ii) Present to the person selling the pistol or revolver firearm a valid firearm pistol/revolver safety training certificate issued by the department of environmental management office of the attorney general. The certificate shall be retained in the possession of the buyer. The pistol/revolver firearm safety training certificate shall certify that the purchaser has completed a and passed an approved basic pistol/revolver firearm safety training course as shall be administered by the department of environmental management within the previous five (5) years. Until January 1, 2031, a purchaser may comply with the requirements of this section by presenting a firearm safety certificate issued by the department of environmental management prior to the effective date of this section. (Face of application form) Application to Purchase Pistol or Revolver Firearm Date ......................................... Hour .........................................  A.M. P.M. Name ......................................... Address ......................................... (Street and number) (City or town) (State) Date of Birth ......................................... Place of Birth ......................................... Height ......................................... Weight ...................................... Color hair .................... Color eyes ......................................... Scars ......................................... Tattoos ......................................... Other identifying marks ......................................... Are you a citizen of the United States ......................................... Are you a citizen of Rhode Island ......................................... How long ......................................... Where stationed ......................................... (Armed Forces only) Number of pistols and/or revolvers firearm(s) to be purchased ......................................... Type of firearm(s) to be purchased (e.g. rifle, shotgun, pistol or revolver) ......................... Serial Number(s)…………………………………………. Have you ever been convicted of a crime of violence ......................................... (See § 11-47-2) Have you ever been adjudicated or under confinement as addicted to a controlled substance ............................................... Have you ever been adjudicated or under confinement for alcoholism ............................. Have you ever been confined or treated for mental illness ......................................... From whom is pistol or revolver firearm(s) being purchased ......................................... Seller’s address ......................................... Seller’s signature ......................................... Applicant’s signature ......................................... (See § 11-47-23 for penalty for false information on this application) (Reverse side of application form) AFFIDAVIT: I certify that I have read and am familiar with the provisions of §§ 11-47-1 — 11-47-55, inclusive, of the general laws of the State of Rhode Island, and that I am aware of the penalties for violation of the provisions of the cited sections. I further certify that I have completed the required basic pistol/revolver firearm safety training course. Signed ......................................... (over) County of ......................................... State of Rhode Island Subscribed and sworn before me this ..... day of ...... A.D. 20... . Notary Public ..............................

(2) The person selling the pistol or revolver firearm shall on the date of application sign and forward by registered mail, by delivery in person, or by electronic mail if approved by the applicable police department, the original and duplicate copies of the application to the chief of police in the city or town in which the purchaser has their residence or to the superintendent of the Rhode Island state police in the instance where the purchaser either resides in the town of Exeter or resides out of state. The superintendent of the Rhode Island state police or the chief of police in the city or town in which the purchaser has their residence shall mark or stamp the original copy of the application form with the date and the time of receipt and return it by the most expeditious means to the person who is selling the pistol or revolver firearm. The triplicate copy duly signed by the person who is selling the pistol or revolver firearm shall within seven (7) days be sent by them by registered mail, by delivery in person, or by electronic mail to the attorney general. The person who is selling the pistol or revolver firearm shall retain the original copy duly receipted by the police authority to whom sent or delivered for a period of six (6) years with other records of the sale. It shall be the duty of the police authority to whom the duplicate copy of the application form is sent or delivered to make a background check of the applicant to ascertain whether the applicant falls under the provisions of §§§ 8-8.3-4, 8-8.3-5, 11-47-5, 11-47-5.4, § 11-47-6, § 11-47-7, or § 11-47-23 or any other applicable state or federal law. Upon notice from the investigating police authority that the applicant is not disqualified, the seller If, after the lapse of seven (7) days from twelve o’clock (12:00) noon of the day following application, no disqualifying information has been received from the investigating police authority by the person who is selling the pistol or revolver, the person will deliver the firearm applied for to the purchaser. Upon the finding of no disqualifying information under the provisions of the above cited sections of this chapter statutes, and in no case later than thirty (30) days after the date of application, the duplicate and triplicate copies of the application will be destroyed. Retention of the duplicate and triplicate copies in violation of this section or any unauthorized use of the information contained in the copies by a person or agency shall be punishable by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000). The provisions of this section shall not apply to bona fide sales at wholesale to duly licensed retail dealers, nor to purchases by retail dealers duly licensed under the provisions of § 11-47-39. (b)(c)(1) The department of environmental management shall establish the basic pistol/revolver safety course required by this section. The safety course shall consist of not less than two (2) hours of instruction in the safe use and handling of pistols and revolvers and the course shall be available to buyers continually throughout the year at convenient times and places but at least monthly at locations throughout the state, or more frequently as required. Proficiency in the use of pistols or revolvers shall not be prerequisite to the issuance of the safety certificate. No person shall be required to complete the course more than once; provided, that any person completing the course who is unable to produce the safety certificate issued by the department of environmental management shall be required to take the course again unless the person provides evidence to the department that the person has successfully completed the course The office of the attorney general shall certify persons as basic firearm safety training course instructors, certify safety training course curriculum, and maintain a publicly accessible list of approved basic firearm safety training courses and instructors. Certification as a basic firearm safety training course instructor shall be valid for a period of ten (10) years, unless sooner revoked by reason of unsuitability, at the discretion of the office of the attorney general. Basic firearm safety training course instructors shall be competent to give instruction in a basic firearm safety training course, as determined by criteria established by the office of the attorney general.

(2) The administration of the basic pistol/revolver safety course required by this section shall not exceed the cost of thirty-five thousand dollars ($35,000) in any fiscal year. The curriculum for a basic firearm safety training course shall consist of not less than eight (8) hours of instruction and must include at least all of the following topics:

(i) Instruction regarding knowledge and safe handling of firearms and ammunition;

(ii) Instruction regarding child safety and secure storage of firearms and ammunition;

(iii) Instruction regarding safe firearm shooting fundamentals;

(iv) Identification of ways to develop and maintain firearm shooting skills;

(v) Instruction regarding federal and state laws pertaining to the lawful purchase, ownership, transportation, use, and possession of firearms;

(vi) Instruction regarding the laws of the state pertaining to the use of deadly force;

(vii) Instruction regarding disengagement tactics and conflict resolution;

(viii) Instruction regarding injury and suicide prevention; and

(ix) Live fire training.

(3) Upon completion of an approved basic firearm safety training course, a person must pass a standardized written test developed by the office of the attorney general on the subject matter covered in the course to demonstrate competency in the required topics. The office of the attorney general shall review and amend, as needed, the test at least every two (2) years to reflect changes in the law and other topics that it deems necessary. Any person who has completed the basic firearms safety training course and has passed the test shall be eligible to receive a firearm safety training certificate.

(4) The office of the attorney general shall adopt and promulgate rules and regulations that it deems necessary to carry out this section.

(c) Proof of passage of the department of environmental management’s basic hunter safety course will be equivalent to the pistol/revolver safety certificate mandated by this section.

(d) Any person who has reason to believe that they do not need the required handgun safety course may apply by any written means to the department of environmental management to take an objective test on the subject matter of the handgun safety course. The test shall be prepared, as well as an instruction manual upon which the test shall be based, by the department. The manual shall be made available by any means to the applicant who may, within the time limits for application, take the objective test at the department or at any location where the handgun safety course is being given. Any person receiving a passing grade on the test shall be issued a pistol/revolver safety certificate by the department.

(e) [Deleted by P.L. 2005, ch. 20, § 11 and P.L. 2005, ch. 27, § 11.] (f)(d) The following persons shall be issued basic pistol/revolver permits firearm safety training certificates by the department of environmental management office of the attorney general: sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, the superintendent and members of the state police, members of the capitol police, prison or jail wardens or their deputies, members of the city or town police force, members of the park police, conservation officers, members of the airport police and officers of the United States government authorized by law to carry a concealed firearm and, at the discretion of the department of environmental management office of the attorney general, any person who can satisfactorily establish that he or she formerly held one of these offices or were so authorized. (g)(e) Any person who is serving in the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Coast Guard on active duty shall not be required to obtain a basic pistol/revolver firearm safety training certificate or basic pistol/revolver permit under this section so long as the person remains on active duty. (h)(f) Any person who is serving in the active reserve components of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Coast Guard, or any person in an active duty paid status in the Rhode Island National Guard, shall not be required to obtain a basic pistol/revolver firearm safety training certificate under this section so long as the person remains in active status.

(g) The provisions of this section shall not apply to persons licensed under §§ 11-47-9 and 11-47-11, or to the sale of air rifles, BB guns, or antique firearms as defined in § 11-47-2.

SECTION 2. Sections 11-47-35.1 and 11-47-35.2 of the General Laws in Chapter 11-47 entitled "Weapons" are hereby repealed. 11-47-35.1. Persons exempt from § 11-47-35. The provisions of § 11-47-35 shall not apply to full-time members of the state police, full- time members of the capitol police, full-time members of city or town police departments, or capitol police or correctional officers or persons licensed under § 11-47-11. 11-47-35.2. Sale of rifles/shotguns.

(a) No person shall deliver a rifle or shotgun to a purchaser until seven (7) days shall have elapsed from twelve o’clock (12:00) noon of the day following the day of application for the purchase, and when delivered, the rifle or shotgun shall be unloaded and securely wrapped, with the bill of sale for it to be enclosed within the wrapper with the rifle or shotgun. Any citizen of the United States and/or lawful resident of this state who is twenty-one (21) years of age or older, and any nonresident member of the armed forces of the United States who is stationed in this state and who is twenty-one (21) years of age or older, may, upon application, purchase or acquire a rifle or shotgun. At the time of applying for the purchase of a shotgun or rifle the purchaser shall complete and sign in triplicate and deliver to the seller the application form described in this section, and in no case shall it contain the serial number of the rifle or shotgun. (Face of application form) Application to Purchase Shotgun or Rifle Date ………………………………………… Hour ………………………………… A.M. P.M. Name Address (Street and number) (City or town) (State) Date of Birth Place of Birth Height Weight Color hair Color eyes Scars Tattoos Other identifying marks Are you a citizen of the United States Are you a citizen of Rhode Island How long Where stationed (Armed Forces only) Number of rifles and/or shotguns to be purchased Have you ever been convicted of a crime of violence (See § 11-47-2 General Laws of Rhode Island) Have you ever been adjudicated or under confinement as addicted to a controlled substance Have you ever been adjudicated or under confinement for alcoholism Have you ever been confined or treated for mental illness From whom is shotgun or rifle being purchased Seller's address Seller's signature Applicant's signature (See § 11-47-23 for penalty for false information on this application) (Reverse side of application form) AFFIDAVIT: I certify that I have read and am familiar with the provisions of §§ 11-47-1 — 11- 47-59, inclusive, of the general laws of the State of Rhode Island, and that I am aware of the penalties for violation of the provisions of the cited sections. Signed County of State of Rhode Island Subscribed and sworn before me this ……… day of ……. A.D. 20.... Notary Public ......................................

(b) The person who is selling the rifle or shotgun shall, on the date of application, sign and forward by registered mail or by delivery in person, or by electronic mail if approved by the applicable police department, the original and duplicate copies of the application to the chief of police in the city or town in which the purchaser has his or her residence or to the superintendent of the Rhode Island state police in the instance where the purchaser either resides in the town of Exeter or resides out of state. The superintendent of the Rhode Island state police or the chief of police in the city or town in which the purchaser has his or her residence shall mark or stamp the original copy of the application form with the date and time of receipt and return it by the most expeditious means to the seller. The triplicate copy duly signed by the seller shall within seven (7) days be sent by him or her by registered mail, by delivery in person, or by electronic mail, to the attorney general. The person who is selling the rifle or shotgun shall retain the original copy duly receipted by the police authority to whom sent or delivered for a period of six (6) years with other records of the sale. It shall be the duty of the police authority to whom the duplicate copy of the application form is sent or delivered to make a background check of the applicant to ascertain whether he or she falls under the provisions of § 11-47-5, § 11-47-6, § 11-47-7, or § 11-47-23. If, after the lapse of seven (7) days from twelve o’clock (12:00) noon of the day following application, no disqualifying information has been received from the investigating police authority by the person who is selling the rifle or shotgun, he or she will deliver the firearm applied for to the purchaser. Upon the finding of no disqualifying information under the provisions of the above cited sections of this chapter, and in no case later than thirty (30) days after the date of application, the duplicate and triplicate copies of the application will be destroyed. Retention of the duplicate and triplicate copies in violation of this chapter or any unauthorized use of the information contained in them by a person or agency shall be punishable by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000). The provisions of this section shall not apply to bona fide sales at wholesale to duly licensed retail dealers, nor to purchases by retail dealers duly licensed under the provisions of § 11- 47-39.

(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to full-time members of the state police, full-time members of city or town police departments, persons licensed under §§ 11-47-9 and 11- 47-11, or to sales of air rifles or “BB guns” or to sales of antique firearms as defined in § 11-47-2.

SECTION 3. This act shall take effect upon passage.